diff --git a/src/components/LivePlayer.vue b/src/components/LivePlayer.vue
index 1da4023..22a6c64 100644
--- a/src/components/LivePlayer.vue
+++ b/src/components/LivePlayer.vue
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@
 <script setup>
 import { computed, onBeforeUnmount, ref, watch } from 'vue'
 
+const STARTUP_RETRY_DELAYS_MS = [500, 1000, 2000, 4000]
+const STARTUP_WINDOW_MS = 15_000
+
 const props = defineProps({
   playUrl: { type: String, default: '' },
   phase: { type: String, default: '' },
@@ -57,15 +60,22 @@ const emit = defineEmits(['toggle', 'error'])
 const frameEl = ref(null)
 const videoEl = ref(null)
 const needsUserPlay = ref(false)
+const waitingForStream = ref(false)
+
 let hls = null
 let attachSeq = 0
 let mediaCleanup = null
+let startupRetryTimer = null
+let startupRetryCount = 0
+let startupStartedAt = 0
+let activeUrl = ''
 
 const playable = computed(() => props.playUrl && !props.playUrl.startsWith('fake://'))
 const isLiveShell = computed(() => props.active && !playable.value)
 
 const qualityText = computed(() => {
   if (props.opening) return '打开中'
+  if (waitingForStream.value) return '启动中 · 等待流就绪'
   if (needsUserPlay.value) return '已暂停 · 点击继续'
   if (playable.value) return 'LIVE · 播放中'
   if (props.playUrl?.startsWith('fake://')) return '控制面已验证'
@@ -76,6 +86,7 @@ const qualityText = computed(() => {
 
 const statusMessage = computed(() => {
   if (props.opening) return '正在打开直播'
+  if (waitingForStream.value) return '正在等待直播流就绪'
   if (needsUserPlay.value) return '浏览器暂停了画面，点击继续播放'
   if (playable.value) return ''
   if (props.phase === 'starting' || props.phase === 'reconnecting') return '正在等待直播流就绪'
@@ -93,6 +104,18 @@ const controlLabel = computed(() => {
 
 const controlIcon = computed(() => (needsUserPlay.value || !props.active ? '#i-play' : '#i-stop'))
 
+function clearStartupRetry() {
+  window.clearTimeout(startupRetryTimer)
+  startupRetryTimer = null
+}
+
+function resetStartupState() {
+  clearStartupRetry()
+  startupRetryCount = 0
+  startupStartedAt = 0
+  waitingForStream.value = false
+}
+
 function clearMediaListeners() {
   if (typeof mediaCleanup === 'function') mediaCleanup()
   mediaCleanup = null
@@ -121,11 +144,60 @@ function syncPausedState() {
   needsUserPlay.value = !!video.paused
 }
 
+function extractHttpCode(data) {
+  const code = Number(data?.response?.code ?? data?.response?.status ?? data?.error?.code)
+  return Number.isFinite(code) && code > 0 ? code : 0
+}
+
+function isSecurityFailure(detail = '') {
+  return /ssl|tls|cipher|certificate|cors|mixed content|err_ssl/i.test(String(detail))
+}
+
+function buildPlayError({ message, name = 'HlsError', code = 0, recoverable = false }) {
+  const err = new Error(message || 'hls error')
+  err.name = name
+  if (code) err.code = code
+  err.recoverable = recoverable
+  return err
+}
+
+function emitFatal(err) {
+  resetStartupState()
+  destroyPlayer()
+  emit('error', err)
+}
+
+function canRetryStartup() {
+  if (!startupStartedAt) startupStartedAt = Date.now()
+  if (Date.now() - startupStartedAt > STARTUP_WINDOW_MS) return false
+  return startupRetryCount < STARTUP_RETRY_DELAYS_MS.length
+}
+
+function scheduleSameUrlRetry(url, seq, httpCode = 404) {
+  if (seq !== attachSeq || !url) return false
+  if (!canRetryStartup()) return false
+
+  const delay = STARTUP_RETRY_DELAYS_MS[startupRetryCount]
+  startupRetryCount += 1
+  waitingForStream.value = true
+  console.debug('[live-player] startup retry', { httpCode, delay, attempt: startupRetryCount })
+
+  // 先拆掉当前失败实例，稍后用同一签名地址重建；不 bump attachSeq，避免误杀本次会话
+  destroyPlayer()
+  clearStartupRetry()
+  startupRetryTimer = window.setTimeout(() => {
+    if (seq !== attachSeq || activeUrl !== url) return
+    attachPlayer(url, { seq }).catch(() => {})
+  }, delay)
+  return true
+}
+
 function bindMediaListeners(video, seq) {
   clearMediaListeners()
   const onPlay = () => {
     if (seq !== attachSeq) return
     needsUserPlay.value = false
+    resetStartupState()
   }
   const onPause = () => {
     if (seq !== attachSeq) return
@@ -174,8 +246,17 @@ function onControlClick() {
   emit('toggle')
 }
 
-async function attachPlayer(url) {
-  const seq = ++attachSeq
+async function attachPlayer(url, { seq: existingSeq } = {}) {
+  const seq = existingSeq ?? (++attachSeq)
+  if (existingSeq == null) {
+    clearStartupRetry()
+    // 新 playUrl 才重置启动窗口；同地址退避重试保留计数
+    startupRetryCount = 0
+    startupStartedAt = Date.now()
+    waitingForStream.value = false
+  }
+
+  activeUrl = url || ''
   destroyPlayer()
   if (!url || url.startsWith('fake://')) return
 
@@ -190,9 +271,13 @@ async function attachPlayer(url) {
 
   video.addEventListener('error', () => {
     if (seq !== attachSeq) return
-    const err = new Error('media error')
-    err.name = 'HlsError'
-    emit('error', err)
+    // Safari 原生 HLS 难拿 HTTP code：启动窗口内按可恢复 404 处理
+    if (scheduleSameUrlRetry(url, seq, 404)) return
+    emitFatal(buildPlayError({
+      message: 'media error',
+      name: 'HlsError',
+      code: 404,
+    }))
   }, { once: true })
 
   async function tryPlay() {
@@ -200,6 +285,7 @@ async function attachPlayer(url) {
     try {
       await video.play()
       needsUserPlay.value = false
+      resetStartupState()
     } catch (error) {
       if (error?.name === 'AbortError' || error?.name === 'NotAllowedError') {
         console.debug('[live-player] play interrupted', error)
@@ -208,7 +294,7 @@ async function attachPlayer(url) {
         return
       }
       console.warn('[live-player] play failed', error)
-      if (seq === attachSeq) emit('error', error)
+      if (seq === attachSeq) emitFatal(error)
     }
   }
 
@@ -223,40 +309,76 @@ async function attachPlayer(url) {
     const { default: Hls } = await import('hls.js')
     if (seq !== attachSeq) return
     if (!Hls.isSupported()) {
-      emit('error')
+      emitFatal(buildPlayError({ message: 'hls unsupported' }))
       return
     }
 
+    // 关闭内置长重试，改由启动窗口退避控制 404 等待
     hls = new Hls({
       enableWorker: true,
       lowLatencyMode: true,
-      manifestLoadingMaxRetry: 1,
-      levelLoadingMaxRetry: 1,
+      manifestLoadingMaxRetry: 0,
+      levelLoadingMaxRetry: 0,
       fragLoadingMaxRetry: 1,
     })
     hls.on(Hls.Events.ERROR, (_event, data) => {
       if (seq !== attachSeq) return
       if (!data?.fatal) return
-      const detail = [data.type, data.details, data.response?.code, data.error?.message]
+
+      const httpCode = extractHttpCode(data)
+      const detail = [data.type, data.details, httpCode || '', data.error?.message]
         .filter(Boolean)
         .join(' ')
-      const err = new Error(detail || 'hls fatal')
-      err.name = /ssl|tls|cipher|certificate|cors|mixed content|err_ssl/i.test(detail)
-        ? 'SecurityError'
-        : 'HlsError'
+
+      if (isSecurityFailure(detail)) {
+        console.warn('[live-player] hls security fatal', data)
+        emitFatal(buildPlayError({
+          message: detail || 'hls security fatal',
+          name: 'SecurityError',
+          code: httpCode || 0,
+        }))
+        return
+      }
+
+      if (httpCode === 403) {
+        console.warn('[live-player] hls auth fatal', data)
+        emitFatal(buildPlayError({
+          message: detail || 'hls 403',
+          name: 'HlsError',
+          code: 403,
+        }))
+        return
+      }
+
+      // 推流刚上线常见：清单暂未就绪。启动窗口内复用当前签名地址退避重载，不刷 /play-url
+      if (httpCode === 404 || data.details === Hls.ErrorDetails.MANIFEST_LOAD_ERROR) {
+        if (scheduleSameUrlRetry(url, seq, httpCode || 404)) return
+        console.warn('[live-player] hls startup 404 exhausted', data)
+        emitFatal(buildPlayError({
+          message: detail || 'hls 404',
+          name: 'HlsError',
+          code: 404,
+        }))
+        return
+      }
+
       console.warn('[live-player] hls fatal', data)
-      destroyPlayer()
-      emit('error', err)
+      emitFatal(buildPlayError({
+        message: detail || 'hls fatal',
+        name: 'HlsError',
+        code: httpCode || 0,
+      }))
     })
     hls.loadSource(url)
     hls.attachMedia(video)
     hls.on(Hls.Events.MANIFEST_PARSED, () => {
       if (seq !== attachSeq) return
+      resetStartupState()
       video.muted = true
       tryPlay()
     })
   } catch (_) {
-    if (seq === attachSeq) emit('error')
+    if (seq === attachSeq) emitFatal(buildPlayError({ message: 'hls init failed' }))
   }
 }
 
@@ -267,6 +389,8 @@ watch(
       attachPlayer(url).catch(() => {})
     } else {
       attachSeq += 1
+      activeUrl = ''
+      resetStartupState()
       destroyPlayer()
     }
   },
@@ -275,6 +399,8 @@ watch(
 
 onBeforeUnmount(() => {
   attachSeq += 1
+  activeUrl = ''
+  resetStartupState()
   destroyPlayer()
 })
 
diff --git a/src/composables/useMonitorLive.js b/src/composables/useMonitorLive.js
index 55f19eb..77093e0 100644
--- a/src/composables/useMonitorLive.js
+++ b/src/composables/useMonitorLive.js
@@ -15,12 +15,13 @@ const PLAY_RETRY_MAX = 3
 const PLAY_EXPIRE_FALLBACK_SEC = 270
 const PLAY_REFRESH_LEAD_MS = 30_000
 const LEASE_INVALID_CODE = 57006
-
 function isFatalPlayMediaError(err) {
   const msg = String(err?.message || err || '').toLowerCase()
   const name = String(err?.name || '')
+  const code = Number(err?.code)
   return (
     name === 'SecurityError' ||
+    code === 403 ||
     msg.includes('ssl') ||
     msg.includes('tls') ||
     msg.includes('cipher') ||
@@ -30,6 +31,10 @@ function isFatalPlayMediaError(err) {
     msg.includes('certificate')
   )
 }
+function isRecoverablePlayError(err) {
+  // LivePlayer 启动窗口内的 404 会自行退避，不冒泡；仅忽略显式 recoverable，避免吞掉窗口耗尽后的 404
+  return err?.recoverable === true
+}
 
 function isLeaseInvalidError(err) {
   return Number(err?.code) === LEASE_INVALID_CODE
@@ -320,21 +325,30 @@ export function useMonitorLive({ getDockId, ui, getLivePlayer }) {
     // AbortError/NotAllowedError: browser pause / autoplay policy. Keep current playUrl.
     if (err?.name === 'AbortError' || err?.name === 'NotAllowedError') return
 
+    // 启动期 404 由 LivePlayer 同地址退避处理；父层保持 heartbeat，不刷 /play-url
+    if (isRecoverablePlayError(err)) return
+
     if (isLeaseInvalidError(err)) {
       await rejoinAfterLeaseInvalid()
       return
     }
 
-    // 播放器媒体面失败（TLS/CORS/HLS network）：换 auth_key 没用，禁止刷 play-url
-    if (isFatalPlayMediaError(err) || err?.name === 'HlsError') {
+    // TLS/CORS/403：换 auth_key 没用，禁止刷 play-url
+    if (isFatalPlayMediaError(err)) {
       markPlayFatal(
-        isFatalPlayMediaError(err)
-          ? '播放域名 HTTPS 不可用（TLS/证书异常），请检查阿里云播放域名证书'
-          : (err?.message || '播放失败')
+        Number(err?.code) === 403
+          ? '播放鉴权失败（403），请检查签名或播放域名配置'
+          : '播放域名 HTTPS 不可用（TLS/证书异常），请检查阿里云播放域名证书'
       )
       return
     }
 
+    // 启动窗口耗尽后的 HlsError（含持续 404）视为不可恢复
+    if (err?.name === 'HlsError') {
+      markPlayFatal(err?.message || '播放失败')
+      return
+    }
+
     if (live.playRetryCount >= PLAY_RETRY_MAX) {
       markPlayFatal(err?.message || '播放失败')
       return
@@ -352,7 +366,9 @@ export function useMonitorLive({ getDockId, ui, getLivePlayer }) {
       if (isFatalPlayMediaError(e) || e?.name === 'HlsError' || live.playRetryCount >= PLAY_RETRY_MAX) {
         markPlayFatal(
           isFatalPlayMediaError(e)
-            ? '播放域名 HTTPS 不可用（TLS/证书异常），请检查阿里云播放域名证书'
+            ? (Number(e?.code) === 403
+              ? '播放鉴权失败（403），请检查签名或播放域名配置'
+              : '播放域名 HTTPS 不可用（TLS/证书异常），请检查阿里云播放域名证书')
             : (e?.message || err?.message || '播放失败')
         )
         return
diff --git a/src/views/MediaView/MediaView.vue b/src/views/MediaView/MediaView.vue
index 05d005a..c08e0c4 100644
--- a/src/views/MediaView/MediaView.vue
+++ b/src/views/MediaView/MediaView.vue
@@ -294,6 +294,8 @@ async function openLive(stream) {
 
 function onActivePlayError(err) {
   if (err?.name === 'AbortError' || err?.name === 'NotAllowedError') return
+  // 启动期 404 由 LivePlayer 同地址退避且不冒泡；显式 recoverable 才忽略
+  if (err?.recoverable === true) return
   ui.toast(err?.message || '播放失败')
 }